{"id":584,"date":"2026-01-13T04:06:04","date_gmt":"2026-01-13T04:06:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nongvuongphi.vn\/?p=584"},"modified":"2026-02-03T08:34:03","modified_gmt":"2026-02-03T08:34:03","slug":"phan-tich-bao-cao-viet-nam-2045","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nongvuongphi.vn\/index.php\/2026\/01\/13\/phan-tich-bao-cao-viet-nam-2045\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u1eefng \u201c\u0110i\u1ec3m ch\u1ea1m\u201d c\u1ee7a B\u00e1o c\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam 2045 World Bank v\u00e0 Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 79\/TW v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai."},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng chia s\u1ebb \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Doanh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 Nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00f9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u B\u00e1o c\u00e1o\u00a0“Vi\u1ec7t Nam 2045” c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (World Bank)<\/strong> tr\u00ean Facebook v\u00e0 LinkedIn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i ch\u1eafc m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u mang t\u00ednh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt r\u1ea5t cao, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua b\u1eaby thu nh\u1eadp trung b\u00ecnh t\u1eeb World Bank. V\u00e0 m\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y nay, khi B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ban h\u00e0nh Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 79-NQ\/TW<\/strong>\u00a0v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1eb7t hai v\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y c\u1ea1nh nhau \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a WB cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kinh nghi\u1ec7m qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, th\u00ec Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 79 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u00fd ch\u00ed ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c qu\u1ed1c gia.\u00a0S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a hai v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y minh ch\u1ee9ng cho m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c chung c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft:\u00a0M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf lao \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb v\u00e0 th\u00e2m d\u1ee5ng v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ee9t ph\u00e1, ch\u00fang ta bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch sang m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng theo chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u, l\u1ea5y n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh.\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1eefa hai\u00a0t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0m \u00fd chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

1. Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn: s\u1ef1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng theo chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n

M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf.
\nTrong b\u00e1o c\u00e1o\u00a0c\u1ee7a\u00a0World Bank ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf lao \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb v\u00e0 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p gia c\u00f4ng (final assembly) \u0111ang d\u1ea7n m\u1ea5t \u0111i \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c, r\u1eb1ng\u00a0Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang tham gia s\u00e2u v\u00e0o chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac t\u1ea1o ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng th\u1ea5p. N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tuy c\u00f3 t\u0103ng nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh qu\u1ed1c gia thu nh\u1eadp cao.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 79 c\u0169ng th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn d\u1ef1a nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o (v\u1ed1n, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean) thay v\u00ec chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ICOR (h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1ed1n) \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao, cho th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ch\u01b0a t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/p>\n

X\u00e9t tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1\u00a0hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, t\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc “ch\u1ea9n b\u1ec7nh”\u00a0r\u1ea5t\u00a0c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft\u00a0v\u00e0 th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn t\u1eeb L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed5 th\u00eam ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n th\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1eddi. B\u00e0i to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1edbi, cho c\u1ea3 khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u00a0b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u201cchuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/em>\u201d.\u00a0Ngh\u0129a\u00a0l\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng minh h\u01a1n, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn h\u01a1n tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

\"World<\/p>\n

2. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf: gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i to\u00e1n “Nh\u1ecb nguy\u00ean” v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c “S\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0n”<\/h2>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 mang t\u00ednh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e0 World Bank \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh\u00a0N\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf\u00a0Nh\u1ecb nguy\u00ean\u00a0(Dual Economy). \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa khu v\u1ef1c FDI (n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao, h\u01b0\u1edbng ra xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u) v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc (quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb).
\n\u1ede kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y, Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 79 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng: T\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft, m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 FDI ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng \u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea3o, Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7t k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng c\u00e1c T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n kinh t\u1ebf nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng “S\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0n”<\/strong>, k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 l\u00f4i k\u00e9o c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 v\u1eeba c\u00f9ng tham gia.
\nTuy nhi\u00ean, World Bank c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng l\u01b0u t\u00e2m: \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o\u00a0m\u1ed9t s\u00e2n ch\u01a1i b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 minh b\u1ea1ch<\/strong>, tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn l\u1ea5n \u00e1t ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c, g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho khu v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n.
\nDo v\u1eady,\u00a0\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c CEO doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n, th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p \u1edf\u00a0\u0111\u00e2y\u00a0kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c.<\/strong> Khi c\u00e1c\u00a0DN Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “c\u1edfi tr\u00f3i” \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn v\u1ec1\u00a0N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng,\u00a0H\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng s\u1ed1\u2026\u00a0h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0\u00a0DN\u00a0T\u01b0 nh\u00e2n\u00a0c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

3. Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf: h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c OECD<\/h2>\n

M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e1ng trong Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 79 m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ea5t cao, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u:\u00a0\u201c100% t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n kinh t\u1ebf, t\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc OECD.\u201d\u00a0<\/strong>
\nTrong\u00a0Khoa h\u1ecdc\u00a0Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb, s\u1ef1 minh b\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a\u00a0Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n khi\u1ebfn\u00a0Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3\u00a0v\u00e0 Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t\u00a0c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ch\u01b0a cao l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu t\u00e1ch b\u1ea1ch gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5\u00a0Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng\u00a0Kinh doanh,\u00a0d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn\u00a0c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ra \u0111\u1eddi d\u00f9 c\u00f3 t\u1ed1t m\u1ea5y c\u0169ng\u00a0kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n\u00a0trong th\u1ef1c thi v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n\u00a0trong \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1\u00a0ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 theo\u00a0KPI. Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 79 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00e1ch b\u1ea1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng hai nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y.
\n\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a World Bank v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n minh b\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Khi c\u00e1c\u00a0\u201cS\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0n\u201d c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh theo chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c\u00a0qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ea1nh tranh l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh s\u1ebd lan t\u1ecfa sang c\u1ea3 khu v\u1ef1c\u00a0DN T\u01b0 nh\u00e2n, bu\u1ed9c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

4. Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i – cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea1nh tranh s\u00f2ng ph\u1eb3ng<\/h2>\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u v\u1ec1\u00a0Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t\u00a0ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u00e2u n\u0103m, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3i ng\u1ed9 trong Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 79, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 World Bank \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1.
\nTrong b\u00e1o c\u00e1o “Vi\u1ec7t Nam 2045”\u00a0c\u1ee7a WB, c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ta:\u00a0\u201cD\u00f9 doanh nghi\u1ec7p lu\u00f4n than phi\u1ec1n thi\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i \u0111ang ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng\u201d<\/em>.\u00a0C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch thu nh\u1eadp gi\u1eefa c\u1eed nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u1eb9p \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua.\u00a0\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 79 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “n\u00fat th\u1eaft” \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf “c\u1edfi tr\u00f3i” ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 cho khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng:<\/p>\n

\u25aa\ufe0f Th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m thu\u00ea T\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c (CEO):<\/strong> Ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e0i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c trong quy ho\u1ea1ch c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 kh\u00e9p k\u00edn nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

\u25aa\ufe0f \u0110\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1edfng:<\/strong> Cho ph\u00e9p doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00edch l\u1eadp qu\u1ef9 ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng, ti\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh doanh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf; v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u1ef9 c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu th\u01b0\u1edfng (t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 ESOP) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ch\u00e2n nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

\u25aa\ufe0f An to\u00e0n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7:<\/strong> Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u00e0nh lang ph\u00e1p l\u00fd an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 “d\u00e1m ngh\u0129, d\u00e1m l\u00e0m” v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch chung, ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 sai s\u00f3t kh\u00e1ch quan v\u1edbi vi ph\u1ea1m v\u1ee5 l\u1ee3i. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc OECD \u0111\u1ec3 minh b\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh,. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ea1nh tranh m\u1edbi, c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u00e0 so\u00e1t l\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd cao nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p l\u1edbn cho c\u00e1c CEO v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 kh\u1ed1i t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n: Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn gi\u00e0nh Nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i (Talent War) s\u1eafp b\u01b0\u1edbc sang m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1edbi s\u00f2ng ph\u1eb3ng h\u01a1n. Khi c\u00e1c Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u2013 v\u1ed1n n\u1eafm gi\u1eef ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn \u2013 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 ESOP, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1ng g\u1eddm trong vi\u1ec7c thu h\u00fat nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p cao (C-level) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

Doanh nghi\u1ec7p T\u01b0 nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n r\u00e0 so\u00e1t l\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00e3i ng\u1ed9 (Total Rewards) ngay t\u1eeb b\u00e2y gi\u1edd. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 gi\u1eef ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng thu nh\u1eadp ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf g\u00f3i \u0111\u00e3i ng\u1ed9 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n theo chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. C\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh\u00a0Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u1ed7i lo thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111ang gia t\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cam k\u1ebft s\u1ef1 ghi nh\u1eadn minh b\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1ecd t\u1ea1o ra.<\/p>\n

5. Kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng: t\u1eeb t\u01b0 duy chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c thi<\/h2>\n

Nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, s\u1ef1 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1eefa Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 79 (th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u00fd ch\u00ed ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb) v\u00e0 B\u00e1o c\u00e1o “Vi\u1ec7t Nam 2045” c\u1ee7a World Bank (cung c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9ng) v\u1ebd n\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00f3a m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau qu\u1ed1c gia thu nh\u1eadp cao v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2045, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

\u25aa\ufe0f V\u1ec1 v\u0129 m\u00f4:<\/strong> Chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o (v\u1ed1n, t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng) sang t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng theo chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p (TFP) v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

\u25aa\ufe0f V\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb:<\/strong> Chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 sang qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb minh b\u1ea1ch theo chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (OECD), ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd.<\/p>\n

\u25aa\ufe0f V\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1:<\/strong> Chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb t\u01b0 duy khai th\u00e1c l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf “lao \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb” sang \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o “nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng cao”; gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u00e0i to\u00e1n “ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng cho k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng” (Skill Premium) b\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3i ng\u1ed9 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u00f2ng ph\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n

C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i b\u1ee9t ph\u00e1 \u0111ang m\u1edf ra r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn cho nh\u1eefng doanh nghi\u1ec7p bi\u1ebft ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb, r\u00e0 so\u00e1t t\u00ednh tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169. T\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u0129 m\u00f4 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng chuy\u1ec3n m\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u00fang ta ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1c quan v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi: Th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t, Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 B\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1eddi gian t\u1edbi, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd tri\u1ec3n khai m\u1ed9t\u00a0series b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u<\/strong>, \u0111i v\u00e0o chi ti\u1ebft t\u1eebng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f9ng th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb doanh nghi\u1ec7p:<\/p>\n

\u25aa\ufe0f Ph\u1ea7n 1:<\/strong> B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0– Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n d\u00f2ng v\u1ed1n v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u00f4ng – t\u01b0.<\/p>\n

\u25aa\ufe0f Ph\u1ea7n 2:<\/strong> Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c Nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 & Nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i\u00a0– Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch k\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1edfng, ESOP v\u00e0 b\u00e0i to\u00e1n gi\u1eef ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

\u25aa\ufe0f Ph\u1ea7n 3:<\/strong> Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t & V\u1eadn h\u00e0nh\u00a0– C\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0 duy chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c OECD v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch b\u1ea1ch KPI \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

\u25aa\ufe0fPh\u1ea7n 4:<\/strong> T\u01b0 duy T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai & H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng\u00a0– Nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho CEO\u00a0& CHRO\u00a0\u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2026-2030.<\/p>\n

(T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch\u00a0c\u00f3 s\u1eed\u00a0d\u1ee5ng Tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd AI)<\/em><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a World Bank: Vietnam 2045 \u2013 Trading up in a changing world. Pathways to a High-Income Future. (Vi\u1ec7t Nam 2045 – N\u00e2ng cao v\u1ecb th\u1ebf th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai Thu Nh\u1eadp Cao c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam)\u00a0<\/em><\/li>\n
  2. Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 79-NQ\/TW c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ban h\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y 06\/01\/2026.\u00a0<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Xem th\u00eam c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

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